Exfoliants are substances that help to slough off dead skin cells from the surface of the skin. There are two main types of exfoliants: physical exfoliants and chemical exfoliants. Physical exfoliants are granular substances that act like micro scrubs to physically buff the skins surface to remove dead skin cell build-up. They are found in the form of brushes, sponges, gloves, scrubs, and more. Chemical exfoliants use enzymes or acid-based solutions that dissolve the protein bonds between dead skin cells, enabling easy removal of dead skin cells. Chemical exfoliants include Alpha-Hydroxy Acids (AHAs) and Beta-Hydroxy Acids (BHAs) .
Exfoliants have been used for centuries to promote healthy skin with a youthful glow. Dead skin cells can prevent skincare products from being absorbed by the skin, hence, regular exfoliation is required to help maximize the absorption of all the beneficial ingredients needed for the skin. Exfoliants are safe and non-drying to the skin. However, if performed incorrectly, physical exfoliation can sometimes irritate the skin and may result in transepidermal water loss. Chemical exfoliation can also irritate the skin if done incorrectly.
Here are some common ingredients or materials found in exfoliants:
- Cleansing scrubs
- Exfoliating mitts
- Dry brushes
- Loofahs
- Pumice stones
- Microneedling or micro derma rollers
- Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs)
- Beta hydroxy acids (BHAs)
Its important to note that not all products that exfoliate are created equal, and its helpful to know which are more gentle, particularly if you have acne-prone skin. Physical exfoliants may do more harm than good as they may irritate the skin. If you have acne or sensitive skin, it is recommended to use a chemical exfoliant.
