Tonsillitis is primarily caused by infections, either viral or bacterial. The majority of cases (about 70% to 95%) are due to viral infections, including common cold viruses like rhinovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and others. Bacterial tonsillitis, less common but significant, is most often caused by Group A Streptococcus bacteria (strep throat), especially in children aged 5 to 15 years. You can get tonsillitis by being exposed to the infectious agents that cause it. These infections spread through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing, close contact with infected people, or touching surfaces contaminated with the viruses or bacteria and then touching your mouth or nose. Tonsillitis is more common in children because they are exposed to more germs in settings like schools. The condition can be contagious due to the spread of the underlying viral or bacterial infections, not the tonsillitis itself.
In summary, tonsillitis is contracted by exposure to infectious viruses or bacteria, primarily through respiratory droplets or contact with contaminated surfaces. Common causes include cold viruses and strep bacteria. Preventive measures include good hygiene like handwashing and avoiding close contact with infected individuals.
