If the government shuts down, many federal agencies and programs lose funding and must cease non-essential operations. Millions of federal employees could be furloughed without pay, though essential workers such as military members, airport security officers, and air traffic controllers must still work but without immediate pay. Some programs, like Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid, continue operating because they are funded by mandatory spending. National parks and federally managed museums usually close, and various federal services like FDA inspections and visa processing may be delayed or suspended. Federal contractors generally do not work and are not guaranteed back pay. Additionally, the White House has warned agencies to prepare for potential mass layoffs if the shutdown extends and an agreement is not reached soon. This shutdown occurs if Congress fails to pass budget appropriations or a continuing resolution by the deadline, typically the start of the fiscal year on October 1.
Key Effects of a Shutdown
- Federal employees furloughed, essential workers continue without pay initially.
- Mandatory programs like Social Security operate normally.
- National parks and Smithsonian museums close.
- Delays in passport, visa services, FDA inspections, and some housing loan processing.
- Federal contractors may lose pay and cease work.
- Possible mass layoffs depending on length and budget impacts.
How to Avoid Shutdown
Congress must pass appropriations bills or a continuing resolution to maintain government funding and avoid shutdown.
