Hepatitis B is sexually transmitted. The virus spreads through contact with infected blood, semen, or vaginal fluids during sexual contact with an infected person. Sexual transmission is actually one of the most common ways hepatitis B spreads, especially in sexually active adults. Types of sexual activity, viral load of the infected partner, and the use of preventive measures like condoms affect the risk of transmission. Vaccination can provide effective protection against hepatitis B infection.
Details on Sexual Transmission of Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is present in blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and other body fluids, allowing it to spread through sexual contact without using protection.
- Sexual activities like vaginal and anal intercourse carry higher risk for HBV transmission, while oral sex or kissing carry lower risk but are not risk-free, especially if there are abrasions or bleeding.
- The viral load of the infected person influences the likelihood of transmission; higher viral loads increase infectiousness.
- The hepatitis B vaccine is recommended and effective for preventing infection in susceptible individuals, including sexual partners of infected persons.
- Hepatitis B is classified as a sexually transmitted and blood-borne infection (STBBI) due to these transmission routes.
In summary, hepatitis B can be transmitted sexually through exposure to infected body fluids, making sexual contact a significant mode of transmission for the virus. Vaccination and safe sex practices are crucial for prevention.
