Kojic acid is a chemical produced from different types of fungi and is also a by-product of fermented soy sauce and rice wine. It is used in cosmetic and medical industries as a brightening ingredient in whitening creams, skin lightening soaps, and other products. Kojic acid works by blocking tyrosine from forming, which then prevents melanin production, resulting in a lightening effect on the skin. Some of the positive uses of kojic acid include:
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Skin lightening: Kojic acid is used to lighten visible sun damage, age spots, or scars, resulting in an anti-aging effect on the skin.
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Antimicrobial properties: Kojic acid contains some antimicrobial properties and may help fight off several common types of bacterial strains even in small dilutions.
However, there are also some negative effects and risks associated with the use of kojic acid, including:
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Skin irritation: Kojic acid can cause skin irritation, especially in high concentrations.
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Inadequate penetration: Kojic acid has relatively poor absorption rates below the surface of the skin.
The concentration of kojic acid in cosmetics is often less than 1% and has been approved for use in cosmetic products in concentrations of 1% or less. The ingredients of kojic acid products may vary, but some common ingredients include coconut oil, de-ionized water, sodium hydroxide, and fragrance.
