Retinoids are a class of vitamin A derivatives that are used in skincare products to improve the texture and appearance of skin. They are known to increase skin cell production, unclog pores, exfoliate the skin, and increase collagen production, which can reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. There are several types of retinoids, including retinol, retinoic acid, adapalene, tretinoin, and more, which work in slightly different ways.
Here are some positive and negative aspects of retinoids:
Positive:
- Retinoids can help delay signs of aging like fine lines and wrinkles.
- They are effective in improving wrinkles and sun damage.
- Retinoids can help clear acne.
Negative:
- Retinoids can cause skin irritation, redness, and dryness.
- They can cause significant trans-epidermal water loss (TEWLs) that can further impair skin barrier and induce more skin irritation.
- Retinoid ingredients may speed the development of skin tumors and lesions on sun-exposed skin.
When incorporating retinoids into a skincare routine, it is important to choose the right retinoid ingredient pairing to reduce irritation. Some ingredients that can be paired with retinoids to reduce irritation include niacinamide, ceramides, oat oil, hyaluronic acid, and antioxidants like glutathione, vitamin C, superoxide dismutase, silymarin, and bakuchiol. It is also important to listen to your skin and discontinue use if irritation persists.
