Tampons are primarily made from absorbent ingredients like purified cotton, rayon fibers, or a blend of both. Since tampons are considered medical devices, they are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) . Tampax, for example, uses rayon, a synthetic material derived from purified wood pulp and processed into an absorbent cellulose fiber, in their tampons. Other materials used in tampons include:
- Polyethylene (plastic): Some tampons are coated with polyethylene to help with smoother removal.
- PEG 100 Stearate: This is a coating substance that helps the fibers wick fluid.
- Titanium Dioxide: This is used to make the thread look whiter.
It is important to note that the ingredients used in tampons can vary by manufacturer and are considered proprietary. Some tampons may also contain undisclosed fragrance ingredients, which may contain chemicals linked to cancer, endocrine disruption, and allergies. Additionally, some tampons may contain traces of dioxin from bleach, pesticide residues from conventional, non-organic cotton, and other mystery "fragrance" ingredients.
Organic cotton tampons are free of dyes, plastics, bleach, fragrances, and pesticide-treated cotton, while cotton blends may contain any of these ingredients. It is becoming easier to find menstrual care products free of bleach, pesticides, and toxic chemicals, including organic, unbleached tampons and pads made by Seventh Generation and Natracare, reusable cloth pads, some period underwear, and silicon and natural rubber cups.
