Tampons are primarily made from absorbent ingredients like purified cotton, rayon fibers, or a blend of both. Tampax, for example, uses rayon, which is a synthetic material derived from purified wood pulp and is processed into an absorbent cellulose fiber. Its unique fiber shape (trilobal rayon) is specifically designed for tampons. It absorbs fluid quickly and expands to help stop leaks. Tampax Pearl plastic applicators are made without BPA. Manufacturers are encouraged to use 100% organic cotton for the construction of tampons.
However, some studies have found that tampons may contain potentially toxic substances, though generally at very low levels. Womens Voices for the Earth tested six popular brands of U.S. tampons and found that there may be ingredients (or contaminants associated with ingredients) in tampons leading to exposure to chemicals of concern. It is important to note that there is no available research on potential health impacts from vaginal exposure to these chemicals.
Tampons can also increase the risk of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) in two ways. Tampons (especially super-absorbent varieties) that are left in the vagina for a long time may encourage the bacteria to grow. Tampons can stick to the vaginal walls, especially when blood flow is light, causing tiny abrasions when they are removed. Suggestions for reducing the risk of TSS include changing tampons regularly and using pads instead of tampons overnight.
