to which sport the term turning was first associated

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Nature

The term "turning" was first notably associated with the sport of swimming, where the "tumble turn" or "flip turn" is a specific technique used by swimmers to reverse their direction efficiently at the end of a swimming pool lane during races. This technique allows swimmers to minimize time lost when changing direction and is essential in competitive swimming. Although "turning" in a general sense applies to movements in many sports, the formal term "tumble turn" originated and is strongly linked with swimming. Additionally, in football (soccer), "turning" refers to changing direction while controlling the ball, but the earliest specific association of the term "turning" as a named technique relates to swimming's tumble turn.