The four main biological macromolecules are:
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Nucleic acids
Notes:
- Carbohydrates provide quick-energy stores and structural roles in plants (e.g., cellulose) and in some organisms.
- Lipids form membranes, store energy, and include fats, oils, phospholipids, and steroids; they are rich in C–H bonds and are not true polymers.
- Proteins are built from amino acids and function as enzymes, structural components, signaling molecules, transporters, and more.
- Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) store and transfer genetic information; they are polymers made of nucleotide subunits.
If you’d like, I can add brief examples of each, their monomers, and a quick comparison table.
