Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition that causes much suffering and even disability. OCD manifests in four main ways, and all types of OCD include a pattern of obsessions and compulsions, but the obsessions or intrusive thoughts themselves can take on different themes. The four main types of OCD are:
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Contamination/washing: People with this type of OCD tend to focus on fear or intense feelings of discomfort that result from contamination or uncleanliness. Washing excessively is normal and is done in an attempt to relieve the feelings of distress.
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Doubt/checking: People with this type of OCD have unwanted, intrusive thoughts that they may have forgotten to do something important, like locking the door or turning off the stove. They may repeatedly check things to relieve the anxiety associated with the thoughts.
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Ordering/arranging: People with this type of OCD have a strong need for symmetry, order, and exactness. They may spend hours arranging things in a specific way or counting objects to relieve anxiety.
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Unacceptable/taboo thoughts: People with this type of OCD have unwanted, intrusive thoughts that are often violent, sexual, or religious in nature. They may feel ashamed or guilty about these thoughts and engage in compulsive behaviors to relieve the anxiety associated with them.
Its important to note that OCD can come in dozens of forms, but ultimately they all fit into these four types of OCD groupings. People with OCD can find relief with the support of therapies like exposure and response prevention.
