what causes bowel cancer

Bowel cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is caused by a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Most cases arise from genetic mutations in the cells lining the colon or rectum, often influenced by factors such as older age, diet high in fat and processed meats, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and lack of physical activity. Some inherited genetic conditions like familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and Lynch syndrome significantly increase risk. Inflammation from bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can also raise the risk. Certain bacterial infections, like those involving Helicobacter pylori or toxin-producing E. coli strains, have been linked to increased bowel cancer risk. Radiation exposure and family history further contribute to the likelihood of developing the disease.