Sleepwalking, also known as somnambulism, is a type of sleep disorder known as a parasomnia. Parasomnias are abnormal behaviors during sleep that straddle a border between sleep and wakefulness, which is why the actions that occur during parasomnia episodes are abnormal. The exact cause of sleepwalking is unknown, but it seems to run in families. However, there are several factors that can trigger sleepwalking or make it worse, including:
- Lack of sleep or fatigue
- Irregular sleep schedules
- Illness or fever, especially in children
- Some medicines
- Stress and anxiety
- Drinking too much alcohol
- Taking drugs
- Certain types of medicine, such as some sedatives
In addition, the following conditions may be a trigger for sleepwalking:
- Brain injury: Conditions that affect the brain, including swelling of the brain (encephalitis), may be a trigger for sleepwalking.
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): OSA is a sleep disorder in which the airway gets blocked, causing short lapses in breath during sleep. These pauses, which can occur dozens of times per night, create sleep interruptions that may give rise to sleepwalking.
- Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS): RLS is a type of sleep disorder that causes a powerful urge to move the limbs, especially the legs, when lying down. It causes nighttime ...
Occasional episodes of sleepwalking are usually not a cause for concern and typically resolve on their own. However, if the sleepwalking episodes are frequent, occur after starting a new medication, or cause injury, it is important to consult a doctor.
