what is physical activity

Physical activity is defined as any movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure. It includes all activities performed throughout the day, at any intensity, whether planned or unplanned. Physical activity covers a broad range of motions such as walking, cleaning, working, and active transportation. It is important to distinguish physical activity from exercise: exercise is a subcategory of physical activity that is planned, structured, repetitive, and purposeful, aimed at improving or maintaining physical fitness. In contrast, physical activity can be unstructured and done for various reasons beyond fitness improvement. Physical activity benefits physical and mental health by increasing energy expenditure and helping control body weight. It can be integrated into daily life through various strategies such as whole-of-school programs, active transport, urban design, public education, workplace initiatives, and community programs. In summary, physical activity encompasses any bodily movement involving skeletal muscles and energy use, including both voluntary exercise and incidental daily movements.