Men should generally start getting prostate exams around age 50 if they are at average risk and expected to live at least 10 more years. Men at higher risk, including African American men or those with a family history of prostate cancer, should consider starting screenings earlier, around age 40 to 45. After starting, annual or biennial screening with PSA testing, sometimes combined with a digital rectal exam (DRE), is recommended depending on risk factors and healthcare provider advice. Men over 70 usually do not require routine screening unless otherwise advised by a doctor.
Risk-Based Screening Recommendations
- Average risk men: Begin screening at age 50 to 55, continue annually or every 1-2 years up to about age 75.
- High risk men (family history, African American descent): Start screenings at age 40 to 45.
- Men with symptoms or prior prostate issues may need earlier or more frequent testing.
Screening Methods
- Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) blood test to measure PSA levels.
- Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) to physically check the prostate for abnormalities.
Goals of Screening
- Early detection of prostate cancer when treatment is most effective.
- Monitoring prostate health to reduce risk of advanced disease.
These guidelines may vary slightly depending on individual health, family history, and healthcare provider recommendations.
