where does heroin come from

Heroin is produced from morphine, a natural compound found in the sap of the opium poppy. Most of the world’s heroin comes from opium grown in key producing regions, with Afghanistan (Southwest/South-Central Asia) historically accounting for a large share of global opium production, and Southeast Asia and Latin America also contributing in various periods. The process generally involves extracting morphine from opium, then chemically converting it into heroin (diacetylmorphine) through acetylation. Illicit heroin is typically a mixture that may include other substances or adulterants. If you’d like, I can provide a concise, sourced summary with up- to-date references or help explain how supply chains have shifted in recent years.