why do magpies swoop

Magpies swoop primarily as a defensive behavior to protect their nests and young during breeding season, which is typically from August to November in the spring months. They perceive humans, cyclists, or other animals approaching their nesting area (generally within 100 meters) as threats and swoop to warn and deter these intruders. This swooping is not random aggression but a natural territorial instinct, mostly exhibited by male magpies who defend the nest from the time eggs are laid until the young have fledged. Cyclists may be particularly targeted because their speed, size, and reflective gear can be seen as a significant threat. Magpies are territorial and intelligent birds that can recognize individual humans and remember past interactions, sometimes holding a grudge if they perceive aggression. In summary, magpies swoop to protect their offspring and territory during their breeding season and often stop once the young leave the nest after about six weeks.